This paper developed a drilling trajectory measuring instrumentation (DTMI) based on the interference fiber-optic gyro (FOG), which can work continuously, for 4 h, in an environment where the ambient temperature does not exceed 270 °C and the pressure does not exceed 120 MPa in an ultra-deep borehole. The DTMI has the characteristic of anti-electromagnetic interference; therefore，this DTMI has great potential in the promotion and development of geological drilling technology.

An electromagnetic transmitter sends an electromagnetic wave to the seabed; the receiver located on the seafloor receives the electromagnetic wave which carries the information of the geosphere. In this paper, an algorithm is proposed to improve the current quality of marine electromagnetic transmitters. It has an anomaly detection function for the unstable part of the transmitting current. Our results show that the instability of transmitting-current data can cause obvious anomalies.

We present the development of the RIPLE platform that is designed for the monitoring at high temporal frequency (~ 10 min) of water discharge, solid fluxes (bedload and suspended load) and properties of fine particles (settling velocity) in mesoscale rivers. Many instruments are integrated into this single centralized device, which is autonomous in energy and connected to the 2G/3G network. A user-friendly interface has been developed enabling us to visualize the data collected by the platform.

This study has been carried out within the scope of a project supported by the Istanbul Technical, Afyon Kocatepe and Hitit universities. The data were obtained from annual GPS campaigns. With this study, the actual velocity field of the region was revealed and the deformations of the region were determined. In particular, the creep, which is a rare phenomenon in tectonics, was studied in order to understand its mechanism and whether it is present in the region or not.

We present the setup of a soil moisture monitoring network, which is implemented at five karstic sites with different climates across the globe. More than 400 soil moisture probes operating at a high spatio-temporal resolution will improve the understanding of groundwater recharge and evapotranspiration processes in karstic areas.

We report the first-ever in situ measurements of ice flow motion using a remotely controlled drone. We used a quadcopter to land on a highly crevassed area of Eqip Sermia Glacier, Greenland. The drone measured 70 cm of ice displacement over more than 4 h thanks to an accurate onboard GPS. Our study demonstrates that drones have great potential for geoscientists, especially to deploy sensors in hostile environments such as glaciers.