Articles | Volume 7, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-7-83-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-7-83-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
09 Mar 2018
Research article |
| 09 Mar 2018
Intercomparison of cosmic-ray neutron sensors and water balance monitoring in an urban environment
Dep. Monitoring and Exploration Technologies, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
Steffen Zacharias
Dep. Monitoring and Exploration Technologies, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
Gary Womack
Hydroinnova LLC, Albuquerque, USA
Markus Köhli
Dep. Monitoring and Exploration Technologies, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
Darin Desilets
Hydroinnova LLC, Albuquerque, USA
Sascha E. Oswald
Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
Jan Bumberger
Dep. Monitoring and Exploration Technologies, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
Hannes Mollenhauer
Dep. Monitoring and Exploration Technologies, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
Simon Kögler
Dep. Monitoring and Exploration Technologies, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
Paul Remmler
Dep. Monitoring and Exploration Technologies, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
Mandy Kasner
Dep. Monitoring and Exploration Technologies, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
Institute of Geosciences and Geography, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
Astrid Denk
Dep. Monitoring and Exploration Technologies, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
Dep. of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
Peter Dietrich
Dep. Monitoring and Exploration Technologies, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
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- The assay of soil carbon with naturally occurring cosmic ray neutrons R. McTaggart 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2023.107202
- Spatio-temporal soil moisture retrieval at the catchment scale using a dense network of cosmic-ray neutron sensors M. Heistermann et al. 10.5194/hess-25-4807-2021
- Accuracy and precision of the cosmic‐ray neutron sensor for soil moisture estimation at humid environments J. Iwema et al. 10.1002/hyp.14419
- Soil moisture observation in a forested headwater catchment: combining a dense cosmic-ray neutron sensor network with roving and hydrogravimetry at the TERENO site Wüstebach M. Heistermann et al. 10.5194/essd-14-2501-2022
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- Dynamic groundwater recharge simulations based on cosmic‐ray neutron sensing in a tropical wet experimental basin L. Barbosa et al. 10.1002/vzj2.20145
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- Opportunities and challenges in using catchment-scale storage estimates from cosmic ray neutron sensors for rainfall-runoff modelling K. Dimitrova-Petrova et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.124878
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- Technical Note: Revisiting the general calibration of cosmic-ray neutron sensors to estimate soil water content M. Heistermann et al. 10.5194/hess-28-989-2024
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- A profile shape correction to reduce the vertical sensitivity of cosmic‐ray neutron sensing of soil moisture L. Scheiffele et al. 10.1002/vzj2.20083
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- A Novel Cosmic-Ray Neutron Sensor for Soil Moisture Estimation over Large Areas L. Stevanato et al. 10.3390/agriculture9090202
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- Sensing Area‐Average Snow Water Equivalent with Cosmic‐Ray Neutrons: The Influence of Fractional Snow Cover P. Schattan et al. 10.1029/2019WR025647
- Novel flexible and conformable composite neutron scintillator based on fully enriched lithium tetraborate F. Pino et al. 10.1038/s41598-023-31675-9
- Error Estimation for Soil Moisture Measurements With Cosmic Ray Neutron Sensing and Implications for Rover Surveys J. Jakobi et al. 10.3389/frwa.2020.00010
- Employing NDVI as vegetation correction variable to improve soil moisture measurements of mobile cosmic-ray neutron sensor near the Qilian Mountains S. Wu et al. 10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116764
- First implementation of a new cross-disciplinary observation strategy for heavy precipitation events from formation to flooding A. Wieser et al. 10.1007/s12665-023-11050-7
- Testing a novel sensor design to jointly measure cosmic-ray neutrons, muons and gamma rays for non-invasive soil moisture estimation S. Gianessi et al. 10.5194/gi-13-9-2024
- Response functions for detectors in cosmic ray neutron sensing M. Köhli et al. 10.1016/j.nima.2018.06.052
- Techniques for ground-based soil moisture measurement: a detailed overview M. Mukhlisin et al. 10.1007/s12517-021-08263-0
- Scintillating thermal neutron detectors for cosmic ray soil moisture monitoring P. Stowell et al. 10.1088/1748-0221/16/11/P11039
40 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Application of Cosmic-Ray Neutron Sensor Method to Calculate Field Water Use Efficiency X. Chen et al. 10.3390/w14091518
- The assay of soil carbon with naturally occurring cosmic ray neutrons R. McTaggart 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2023.107202
- Spatio-temporal soil moisture retrieval at the catchment scale using a dense network of cosmic-ray neutron sensors M. Heistermann et al. 10.5194/hess-25-4807-2021
- Accuracy and precision of the cosmic‐ray neutron sensor for soil moisture estimation at humid environments J. Iwema et al. 10.1002/hyp.14419
- Soil moisture observation in a forested headwater catchment: combining a dense cosmic-ray neutron sensor network with roving and hydrogravimetry at the TERENO site Wüstebach M. Heistermann et al. 10.5194/essd-14-2501-2022
- Continuous and autonomous snow water equivalent measurements by a cosmic ray sensor on an alpine glacier R. Gugerli et al. 10.5194/tc-13-3413-2019
- Comment on ‘Examining the variation of soil moisture from cosmic-ray neutron probes footprint: experimental results from a COSMOS-UK site’ by Howells, O.D., Petropoulos, G.P., et al., Environ Earth Sci 82, 41 (2023) L. Scheiffele et al. 10.1007/s12665-023-11186-6
- Dynamic groundwater recharge simulations based on cosmic‐ray neutron sensing in a tropical wet experimental basin L. Barbosa et al. 10.1002/vzj2.20145
- Toward Large‐Scale Soil Moisture Monitoring Using Rail‐Based Cosmic Ray Neutron Sensing D. Altdorff et al. 10.1029/2022WR033514
- Opportunities and challenges in using catchment-scale storage estimates from cosmic ray neutron sensors for rainfall-runoff modelling K. Dimitrova-Petrova et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.124878
- Towards disentangling heterogeneous soil moisture patterns in cosmic-ray neutron sensor footprints D. Rasche et al. 10.5194/hess-25-6547-2021
- A change in perspective: downhole cosmic-ray neutron sensing for the estimation of soil moisture D. Rasche et al. 10.5194/hess-27-3059-2023
- Assessing the feasibility of a directional cosmic-ray neutron sensing sensor for estimating soil moisture T. Francke et al. 10.5194/gi-11-75-2022
- High-resolution drought simulations and comparison to soil moisture observations in Germany F. Boeing et al. 10.5194/hess-26-5137-2022
- Ground Truth Validation of Sentinel-2 Data Using Mobile Wireless Ad Hoc Sensor Networks (MWSN) in Vegetation Stands H. Mollenhauer et al. 10.3390/rs15194663
- A dense network of cosmic-ray neutron sensors for soil moisture observation in a highly instrumented pre-Alpine headwater catchment in Germany B. Fersch et al. 10.5194/essd-12-2289-2020
- Feasibility of irrigation monitoring with cosmic-ray neutron sensors C. Brogi et al. 10.5194/gi-11-451-2022
- Can Drip Irrigation be Scheduled with Cosmic‐Ray Neutron Sensing? D. Li et al. 10.2136/vzj2019.05.0053
- Technical Note: Revisiting the general calibration of cosmic-ray neutron sensors to estimate soil water content M. Heistermann et al. 10.5194/hess-28-989-2024
- Monitoring Irrigation in Small Orchards with Cosmic-Ray Neutron Sensors C. Brogi et al. 10.3390/s23052378
- A profile shape correction to reduce the vertical sensitivity of cosmic‐ray neutron sensing of soil moisture L. Scheiffele et al. 10.1002/vzj2.20083
- Uncertainty, sensitivity and improvements in soil moisture estimation with cosmic-ray neutron sensing G. Baroni et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.07.053
- A Novel Cosmic-Ray Neutron Sensor for Soil Moisture Estimation over Large Areas L. Stevanato et al. 10.3390/agriculture9090202
- Neutrons on Rails: Transregional Monitoring of Soil Moisture and Snow Water Equivalent M. Schrön et al. 10.1029/2021GL093924
- Cosmic‐ray Neutron Rover Surveys of Field Soil Moisture and the Influence of Roads M. Schrön et al. 10.1029/2017WR021719
- Mapping spatiotemporal soil moisture in highly heterogeneous agricultural landscapes using mobile dual‐spectra cosmic‐ray neutron sensing M. Andreasen et al. 10.1002/vzj2.20287
- A Novel Lithium Foil Cosmic-Ray Neutron Detector for Measuring Field-Scale Soil Moisture A. Patrignani et al. 10.3389/frwa.2021.673185
- Swabian MOSES 2021: An interdisciplinary field campaign for investigating convective storms and their event chains M. Kunz et al. 10.3389/feart.2022.999593
- Signal contribution of distant areas to cosmic-ray neutron sensors – implications for footprint and sensitivity M. Schrön et al. 10.5194/hess-27-723-2023
- Linking Remote Sensing and Geodiversity and Their Traits Relevant to Biodiversity—Part I: Soil Characteristics A. Lausch et al. 10.3390/rs11202356
- URANOS v1.0 – the Ultra Rapid Adaptable Neutron-Only Simulation for Environmental Research M. Köhli et al. 10.5194/gmd-16-449-2023
- Sensing Area‐Average Snow Water Equivalent with Cosmic‐Ray Neutrons: The Influence of Fractional Snow Cover P. Schattan et al. 10.1029/2019WR025647
- Novel flexible and conformable composite neutron scintillator based on fully enriched lithium tetraborate F. Pino et al. 10.1038/s41598-023-31675-9
- Error Estimation for Soil Moisture Measurements With Cosmic Ray Neutron Sensing and Implications for Rover Surveys J. Jakobi et al. 10.3389/frwa.2020.00010
- Employing NDVI as vegetation correction variable to improve soil moisture measurements of mobile cosmic-ray neutron sensor near the Qilian Mountains S. Wu et al. 10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116764
- First implementation of a new cross-disciplinary observation strategy for heavy precipitation events from formation to flooding A. Wieser et al. 10.1007/s12665-023-11050-7
- Testing a novel sensor design to jointly measure cosmic-ray neutrons, muons and gamma rays for non-invasive soil moisture estimation S. Gianessi et al. 10.5194/gi-13-9-2024
- Response functions for detectors in cosmic ray neutron sensing M. Köhli et al. 10.1016/j.nima.2018.06.052
- Techniques for ground-based soil moisture measurement: a detailed overview M. Mukhlisin et al. 10.1007/s12517-021-08263-0
- Scintillating thermal neutron detectors for cosmic ray soil moisture monitoring P. Stowell et al. 10.1088/1748-0221/16/11/P11039
Latest update: 24 Apr 2024
Short summary
Cosmic-ray neutron sensing (CRNS) is a unique technology to monitor water storages in complex environments, non-invasively, continuously, autonomuously, and representatively in large areas. However, neutron detector signals are not comparable per se: there is statistical noise, technical differences, and locational effects. We found out what it takes to make CRNS consistent in time and space to ensure reliable data quality. We further propose a method to correct for sealed areas in the footrint.
Cosmic-ray neutron sensing (CRNS) is a unique technology to monitor water storages in complex...
